Making internet-based technologies a strategic part of your business
Chris Hutchinson, Hutchinson Software, Janene Carey, Hutchinson Software
Defining e-commerce
E-commerce is more than buying and selling goods and services via a web site. It is using internet-based technologies as tools that help you do business. This covers a wide range of activities beyond online sales, for instance:
- talking to your customers and suppliers via email
- putting detailed marketing information on your web site
- doing your banking online
- publishing documents such as your policies and procedures manuals on your intranet. (An intranet is simply an local area network, using Internet technologies, with access limited to your organisation).
What are the business benefits?
Using this broader definition, e-commerce is more than just a new way of selling small, shippable commodities like books and music. Almost all businesses can benefit from an e-commerce strategy designed to deliver productivity gains and cost savings in the following areas:
Communicating
Time and money can be saved using e-mail instead of other channels such as telephone, fax, postal services, or face-to-face discussions. Businesses with more than a handful of employees can benefit from using e-mail and web publishing for internal communications as well, as it is a less disruptive and reliable way of moving information around the organisation.
Marketing
Using your web site as a business brochure saves on printing and postage costs and allows customers to research what you have to offer before they contact you. Information delivered via the Web is location-independent, available 24x7, and saves time for your staff because they don’t have to repeat the same basic details about what you sell and what colours it comes in to each new person. It’s relatively easy to keep current, as changes are made in a single place, rather than reprinting and mailing out multiple documents.
Transacting
Online banking is a great way to reduce transaction costs. You can use it to pay staff and suppliers without the hassles of producing and posting cheques, transfer money between accounts, and do reconciliation. Most small businesses find that online banking frees up between two to ten hours of staff time per week.
Another good area for transaction efficiencies is procurement. All the steps - researching what’s available, comparing features and prices, negotiating terms and conditions, placing orders, making payments - can be done much more cheaply and quickly online.
It’s notable that the big corporates, such as BHP and Coles Myer, have established systems for transacting on the Internet with suppliers. They’ve recognised the efficiency gains in Internet-based transactions. As an example, BHP expects to reduce procurement costs from $60 to under $3 per order, leading to savings of $500M (report). What’s also notable is that if you’re a supplier, and you don’t participate in online transactions, then you could find yourself at a loss if these organisations decide that these will become their only means of dealing with suppliers.
Case studies from the real world
NOIE, the National Office for the Information Economy, released a research report in September 2001 which details the experiences of 34 small businesses who have invested in e-commerce. It found that on average, just over half the gross benefits came from increasing the efficiency of business operations; with the rest coming from increased revenue resulting from online marketing or online selling.
Some examples:
Texcel is a Brisbane-based company employing 26 staff which provides systems, services and products to the infrastructure, mining and engineering industries. In 2000 their operating benefit from e-commerce was $51,000.
Freedom Pools is a pools and spa business, based in West Gosford, NSW. It has two owner-operators and employs six additional staff. In 2000, their operating benefit from e-commerce was $84,000. (NOIE case studies)
Making your web site effective
Here are a few key ideas to consider when planning the site with your web developer. There are taken from the Hutchinson Software Web-Tune package, where we work with businesses to revise and improve the usability and focus of existing web sites.
Tune it up
- It’s worth being boring. If your site is similar to the many other sites that most users visit, then they’ll be able to find the information you're providing. They’re probably not there to admire the nice graphics and colours that your web designer has chosen. Look at web sites by similar businesses here and overseas – some of their ideas are probably worth using.
- Avoid slow-loading graphics. Unless a visitor is highly motivated, they won’t wait for more than ten seconds for your web pages to load into their browser – they will become annoyed and go elsewhere.
- Resist animated entry pages. They've been briefly fashionable, and they look nice when your designer runs the demo on her laptop, but will just annoy your customers. The web isn’t TV, and despite promises of broadband connectivity probably never will be. Visitors to your site are looking for the content, and probably won’t have a lot of patience to sit and wait while your catchy animated logo slowly downloads and rotates around the page. They’ll click back to the search engine and find your competitor. It’s also worth noting that animated pages, such as flash graphics, aren’t well indexed by search engines, so if you have a animated entry page then you’ve probably just dropped down the search engine ranking and potentially lost a few more site visitors.
- Avoid repeating animated graphics in your pages. They may amuse you the first time around, but quickly lose their appeal and become irritating when you have to watch them over and over and you’re trying to read the text alongside. Web users typically try to ignore them anyway, because we’ve all trained ourselves to ignore the moving graphics of banner adverts on sites.
- Make sure your web site works well in different browsers and different computers. If the site was designed on a Mac, then look at it on a PC, and vice-versa.
- Test the site with some users. What seems blatently obvious to you and your designer may be downright obscure to a casual visitor to your site. The best way to determine where any problems lie is to have a few users actually sit down and try out the site while you watch.
Promote it
- A business needs a proper domain name: www.hutchinsonsoftware.com, not www.bigpond.com/~hutchinson. You’ll give a professional impression, and it’s ISP-independent and is your permanent web address. The ‘.com’ addresses are fairly cheap at around $30 per year to maintain, and you can use any name that isn’t taken by someone else (that can be an important barrier – all possible 3-letter names were bought up by 2000). The ‘.com.au’ addresses are restricted to registered Australian businesses (the domain name must be similar to your business name), and costs around $80 per year. It’s vital to remember that a domain-name is a continuing commitment – you must keep paying to ensure that it’s kept registered.
- Make your site easy for customers to find: include your web site URL in all your stationery and advertising, and your white pages and yellow pages listings. Make sure your address is easy to remember.
- Your site must be listed in search engines; they are the Yellow Page indexes of the web: Have your site tuned to show up at the top of the list in search engines, by having plenty of relevant text, and be linked from other sites (other business sites, malls, directories)
- Put your site into search engines. Use paid placement in Yahoo, submit the URL to Google. Consider a meta-submission site that will enter it to multiple search engines.
- If you can provide information that is useful to your customer base, keep in touch via an electronic newsletter. Publish it on your web site and email them just the headlines and the link. Make sure subscribers can opt in and out easily – you don’t want to antagonise people with "junk" email. Provide a simple subscription form on your web site to users to sign up, then provide a link in every newsletter email to allow subscribers to unsubscribe. This can be a simple manual procedure – have the subscription form email the request to you, and have a special mailbox for unsubscriptions. Manually add and remove subscriptions from a mailing list in your email program. As your mailing list builds up, then you can look at having a custom mailing list program, or use an off-the-shelf system, either running off your own server, or a system hosted by a specialist mailing list web site. (Take a look at the Google list of mailing list hosts)
- Offer a free service relevant to your business on your web site that will encourage people to visit it. For example, by implementing a web page containing a quotation calculator, Prescotts Automotive Repairs, described on the NOIE web site, is now a preferred crash repair supplier for Adelaide insurance companies. Similar web pages, such as pool design tool for Freedom Tools, mean that visitors to your web site can do their own research on your site, and purchase from your business.
- Automatically attach a business ‘signature’ to the end of your e-mails that has your contact details and a one line statement about your core business focus. This is easily done in most email programs. For example, in Outlook, go to Tools/Options/Mail Format, and click on the ‘Signature Picker’ to create a ‘signature’ which will be appended to each outgoing email message.
Check the results
- Get the logs from your ISP, which will give you statistics on numbers of visitors to your site, and where they’re coming from (the referer logs).
- Track your web site visitor traffic before and after you make changes to your site to know that what you’ve done has made a difference.
Think strategically
You don’t need to target global markets to see your sales revenue increase as a result of your e-commerce strategy. A virtual (Internet) presence teamed with physical (local) presence can be a powerful combination, because you get the cost savings and productivity benefits highlighted in this talk, plus competitive advantages in making sales. A key threat of the Internet is lost customers to suppliers in another country, or even just in another region. If you supply a commodity that can be shipped, then you could be at risk from an Internet-based competitor.
Work with your local strengths:
TRUST Customers know of your business as an entity in the real world and are happier to provide credit card details and more inclined to believe that the goods will be delivered and that they will have some recourse if the product is faulty or wrong in some way. Emphasise your physical location on the web site: if your ‘offline’ business is in Armidale then put ‘Armidale’ prominantly on your site.
LOCAL KNOWLEDGE You can leverage your knowledge of local custom, culture and history when developing your Internet marketing content. Include endorsements by members of the local community.
TOUCH AND FEEL FACILITIES Many customers like to browse on the Internet but ‘feel the quality’ before they buy.
- Use the Internet itself as a research tool to find out what other businesses are doing. The NOIE web site has a lot of useful information and links to other relevant sites.
- Hutchinson Software can help you examine how your business could use Internet technologies to cut costs and improve productivity within three broad areas: in your own organisation; in your dealings with your customers; and in your dealings with suppliers.
- If you are really serious about taking maximum advantage of Internet technologies, you will need professional help in planning and implementing an e-commerce strategy. Hutchinson Software is a well-established local IT consulting and software development business with a solid client base including Petals Network, the University of New England, and CSIRO. Check out our web site at www.HutchinsonSoftware.com.
Further information
- The Australian guide to doing business online is an excellent step-by-step resource, available at http://www.e-businessguide.gov.au/.
- A ready-reckoner’ spreadsheet to conduct your own cost-benefit analysis of e-commerce implementation. http://www.dcita.gov.au/__data/assets/file/21774/ReadyReckoner.xls
- The Australian Electronic Business Network (AUSe.NET) is a national, not-for-profit organisation that has been formed to encourage small business awareness and adoption of electronic commerce. http://www.ecommerceadvantage.com.au/ausenet.htm.
- A simple web store selling up to 20 products can be quickly and easily established. Many of the large web site organisations offer simple packages and will host the site and handle the credit card transactions. Hutchinson Software can make recommendations about these systems.
- There are a number of alternatives to your web site directly taking customer credit card numbers. These generally rely on the trusted brand of large organisations and include offerings from OzEmail, Telstra, and AustPost. The AustPost system is fairly unusual, as your customer must make payment at a post-office.